Somatic hybridization functions like a particle collider in the world of biology. In this process, plant cells are carefully stripped of their cell wall and fused, resulting in the creation of interspecific hybrids. These hybrids harness a rich diversity of genetic information, paving the way for exciting opportunities in agricultural innovation and plant research. In the 1960s and 1970s, the development of somatic hybrids through cell fusion held great promise for a new era of crop improvement. However, the expectations surrounding somatic hybridization were ultimately surpassed by advancements in recombination DNA technology. Plant breeding in the 21st century has made significant progress owing to the incorporation of resistance/tolerant traits from exotic germplasm into modern/ cultivated cultivars. Somatic hybridization expands the pool of accessible germplasm and provides additional opportunities to introduce desirable traits into these cultivars. Somatic hybridization presents great potential for enhancing plant improvement by initially analysing genetic variations in existing crops and subsequently transferring genetic material between species through protoplast fusion.
Cell fusion, Cybrids, Protoplast fusion, Somatic cells, Somatic hybridization, Staining
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